Super Size Me
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Super Size Me is a 2004 American documentary film directed by and starring Morgan Spurlock, an American independent filmmaker. Spurlock s film follows a 30-day period from February 1 to March 2, 2003, during which he ate only McDonald s food. The film documents the drastic effect on Spurlock s physical and psychological health and well-being. It also explores the fast food industry s corporate influence, including how it encourages poor nutrition for its own profit and gain.

Spurlock ate at McDonald s restaurants three times per day, eating every item on the chain s menu at least once. Spurlock consumed an average of 20.9 megajoules or 5,000 kcal (the equivalent of 9.26 Big Macs) per day during the experiment. And he walked about 2 kilometers (1.5 miles) a day. An intake of around 2,500 kcal within a healthy balanced diet is more generally recommended for a man to maintain his weight. As a result, the then-32-year-old Spurlock gained 24.5 pounds (11.1 kg), a 13% body mass increase, increased his cholesterol to 230 mg/dL (6.0 mmol/L), and experienced mood swings, sexual dysfunction, and fat accumulation in his liver. It took Spurlock fourteen months to lose all the weight gained from his experiment using a vegan diet supervised by his then-girlfriend, a chef who specializes in gourmet vegan dishes.

The reason for Spurlock s investigation was the increasing spread of obesity throughout U.S. society, which the Surgeon General has declared an epidemic , and the corresponding lawsuit brought against McDonald s on behalf of two overweight girls, who, it was alleged, became obese as a result of eating McDonald s food (Pelman v. McDonald s Corp., 237 F. Supp. 2d 512). Spurlock argued that, although the lawsuit against McDonald s failed (and subsequently many state legislatures have legislated against product liability actions against producers and distributors of fast food ) as well as the McLibel case, much of the same criticism leveled against the tobacco companies applies to fast food franchises whose product is both physiologically addictive and physically harmful.

The documentary was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature and won Best Documentary Screenplay from the Writers Guild of America. A comic book related to the movie has been made with Dark Horse Comics as the publisher containing stories based on numerous cases of fast food health scares.

Spurlock released a sequel, Super Size Me 2: Holy Chicken!, in 2017.

Synopsis

As the film begins, Spurlock is in above average physical shape according to his personal trainer. He is seen by three physicians (a cardiologist, a gastroenterologist, and a general practitioner), as well as a nutritionist and a personal trainer. All of the health professionals predict the McDiet will have unwelcome effects on his body, but none expected anything too drastic, one citing the human body as being extremely adaptable . Prior to the experiment, Spurlock ate a varied diet but always had vegan evening meals to accommodate his girlfriend, Alexandra, a vegan chef. At the beginning of the experiment, Spurlock, who stood 6 feet 2 inches (188 cm) tall, had a body weight of 185 pounds (84 kg).

Experiment

Spurlock followed specific rules governing his eating habits:

  • He must fully eat three McDonald s meals per day: breakfast, lunch, and dinner.
  • He must consume every item on the McDonald s menu at least once over the course of the 30 days (he managed this in nine days).
  • He must only ingest items that are offered on the McDonald s menu, including bottled water. All outside consumption of food is prohibited.
  • He must Super Size the meal if offered, but he cannot request to Super Size on his own.
  • He will attempt to walk about as much as a typical United States citizen, based on a suggested figure of 5,000 standardized distance steps per day, but he did not closely adhere to this, as he walked more while in New York than in Houston.

On February 1, Spurlock starts the month with breakfast near his home in Manhattan, where there is an average of four McDonald s locations (and 66,950 residents, with twice as many commuters) per square mile (2.6 km²). He aims to keep the distances he walks in line with the 5,000 steps (approximately two miles) walked per day by the average American.

Day 2 brings Spurlock s first (of nine) Super Size meal, at the McDonald s on 34th Street and Tenth Avenue, which is a meal made of a Double Quarter Pounder with Cheese, Super Size French fries, and a 42-ounce Coca-Cola, which took him 22 minutes to eat. He experiences steadily increasing stomach discomfort during the process, and then finally vomits in the McDonald s parking lot.

After five days Spurlock has gained 9.5 pounds (4.3 kg) (from 185.5 to about 195 pounds). It is not long before he finds himself experiencing depression, and he claims that his bouts of it along with lethargy, and headaches could be relieved by eating a McDonald s meal. His general practitioner describes him as being addicted . At his second weigh-in, he had gained another 8 pounds (3.6 kg), putting his weight at 203.5 pounds (92.3 kg). By the end of the month he weighs about 210 pounds (95 kg), an increase of about 24.5 pounds (about 11 kg). Because he could only eat McDonald s food for a month, Spurlock refused to take any medication at all. At one weigh-in, Spurlock lost 1 lb. from the previous weigh-in, and a nutritionist hypothesized that he had lost muscle mass, which weighs more than an identical volume of fat. At another weigh-in, a nutritionist said that he gained 17 pounds (7.7 kg) in 12 days.

Spurlock s then-girlfriend, Alexandra Jamieson, attests to the fact that Spurlock lost much of his energy and sex drive during his experiment. It was not clear at the time whether or not Spurlock would be able to complete the full month of the high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet, and family and friends began to express concern.

On Day 21, Spurlock has heart palpitations. His internist, Dr. Daryl Isaacs, advises him to stop what he is doing immediately to avoid any serious health problems. He compares Spurlock with the protagonist played by Nicolas Cage in the movie Leaving Las Vegas, who intentionally drinks himself to death in a matter of weeks. Despite this warning, Spurlock decides to continue the experiment.

On March 2, Spurlock makes it to day 30 and achieves his goal. In thirty days, he has Supersized his meals nine times along the way (five of which were in Texas, four in New York City). His physicians are surprised at the degree of deterioration in Spurlock s health. He notes that he has eaten as many McDonald s meals as most nutritionists say the ordinary person should eat in eight years (he ate 90 meals, which is close to the number of meals consumed once a month in an eight-year period).

Findings

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The documentary s end text states that it took Spurlock five months to lose 20.1 pounds (9.1 kg) and another nine months to lose the last 4.5 pounds (2.0 kg). His then-girlfriend Alex, now his ex-wife, began supervising his recovery with her detox diet , which became the basis for her book, The Great American Detox Diet.

The movie ends with a rhetorical question, Who do you want to see go first, you or them? This is accompanied by a cartoon tombstone, which reads Ronald McDonald (1954–2012) , which originally appeared in The Economist in an article addressing the ethics of marketing to children.

A short epilogue was added to the film. It showed that the salads can contain even more calories than burgers if the customer adds liberal amounts of cheese and dressing prior to consumption. Also, it described McDonald s discontinuation of the Super Size option six weeks after the movie s premiere, as well as its recent emphasis on healthier menu items such as salads, and the release of the new adult Happy Meal. McDonald s denied that these changes had anything to do with the film.

Reception

Super Size Me premiered at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival, where Morgan Spurlock won the Grand Jury Prize for directing the film. The film opened in the U.S. on May 7, 2004, and grossed a total of $11,536,423 worldwide, making it the 22nd highest-grossing documentary film of all time. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, but lost to the film Born into Brothels. It did, however, win the award for Best Documentary Screenplay from the Writers Guild of America.

The film received overall positive reviews from critics and audiences. It holds a 92% Certified Fresh rating on the film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes based on 171 reviews, with an average rating of 7.73/10. The consensus calls the film an entertaining doc about the adverse effects of eating fast food. Metacritic assigned the film a weighted average score of 73 out of 100, based on 37 critics, indicating generally favorable reviews .

Super Size Me received two thumbs up on At the Movies with Ebert and Roeper. Caroline Westbrook for BBC News stated that the hype for the documentary was proper to a certain extent , because of its serious message, and that, overall, the film s high comedy factor and over-familiarity of the subject matter render it less powerful than other recent documentaries – but it still makes for enjoyable, thought-provoking viewing. One reviewer said he s telling us something everyone already knows: Fast food is bad for you.

Robert Davis of Paste said the movie accomplished some of its goals and addressed an important topic, but, at the same time, sometimes looked more like a publicity stunt than a documentary. He primarily criticized the dramatic and unscientific approach of Super Size Me, saying Spurlock unnecessarily ate more than he had to and ignored his nutritionist s advice. Davis explained he would have been more interested had the documentary been about trying to eat as healthy as possible at McDonald s: You could choose low-fat options, but it would be impossible to get enough vegetables and fiber, and the low-fat meal would be incredibly bland, the product of a system that has worked to optimize food delivery and consistency and, in doing so, has invented foods so devoid of flavor that they require dressings, oils, beef tallow and goopy coatings to make them more than just textured blobs. The industry has worked hard to convince consumers that these odd, sweet flavors are not only good but also unique, recognizable parts of a brand. Spurlock doesn t attempt to convey this message, presumably because the affects of too few vegetables and too little fiber aren t as dramatic as speedy weight-and-cholesterol gains.

McDonald s UK responded that the author intentionally consumed an average of 5,000 calories per day and did not exercise, and that the results would have been the same regardless of the source of overeating.

Counter-claims

In his reply documentary Fat Head, Tom Naughton suggests that Spurlock s calorie and fat counts don t add up and noted Spurlock s refusal to publish the Super Size Me food log. The Houston Chronicle reports: Unlike Spurlock, Naughton has a page on his Web site that lists every item (including nutritional information) he ate during his fast-food month.

After eating exclusively at McDonald s for one month, Soso Whaley said, The first time I did the diet in April 2004, I lost 10 pounds (going from 175 to 165) and lowered my cholesterol from 237 to 197, a drop of 40 points. Of particular note was that she exercised regularly and did not insist on consuming more food than she otherwise would. Despite eating at only McDonald s every day, she maintained her caloric intake at around 2,000 per day.

After John Cisna, a high school science teacher, lost 60 pounds while eating exclusively at McDonald s for 180 days, he said, I m not pushing McDonald s. I m not pushing fast food. I m pushing taking accountability and making the right choice for you individually… As a science teacher, I would never show Super Size Me because when I watched that, I never saw the educational value in that… I mean, a guy eats uncontrollable amounts of food, stops exercising, and the whole world is surprised he puts on weight? What I m not proud about is probably 70 to 80 percent of my colleagues across the United States still show Super Size Me in their health class or their biology class. I don t get it.

As a counterpoint, the film features interviews with Big Mac aficionado Don Gorske, who eats an average of 2 Big Macs a day, yet maintains his weight and cholesterol.

Impact

Six weeks after the film s debut, McDonald s discontinued its supersize portions. In the United Kingdom, McDonald s publicized a website which included a response to and criticisms of the film. In theaters in the UK, the company placed a brief ad in the film s trailers, pointing to the URL and stating, See what we disagree with. See what we agree with.

Internationally, Super Size Me was a major success in the box office of Australia. McDonald s in Australia responded with an advertising campaign that included three elements: two advertisements for TV and one produced to be shown in movie theaters.

The film was the inspiration for the BBC television series The Supersizers… in which the presenters dine on historical meals and take medical tests to ascertain the impact on their health.

The film was also inspiration for the 2007 documentary film Super High Me directed by Michael Blieden. The film follows Doug Benson, a comedian and cannabis enthusiast, as he becomes the subject to a multitude of tests designed to measure the physical and mental impacts of, first, not smoking cannabis for 30 days, and then smoking non-stop for 30 days. The poster for the movie was modeled after one of the promotional posters from Super Size Me.

Year 2004
ReleaseDate 2004-06-11
RuntimeMins 100
RuntimeStr 1h 40min
Plot While examining the influence of the fast food industry, Morgan Spurlock personally explores the consequences on his health of a diet of solely McDonald’s food for one month.
Awards Nominated for 1 Oscar, 7 wins & 13 nominations total
Directors Morgan Spurlock
Writers Morgan Spurlock
Stars Morgan Spurlock, Daryl Isaacs, Chemeeka Walker
Produced by Joe Morley,David Pederson,Morgan Spurlock,Heather Winters
Music by Steve Horowitz
Cinematography by Scott Ambrozy
Film Editing by Stela Georgieva,Julie Bob Lombardi
Art Direction by Joe the Artist,Joe Guillette
Production Management Michael Jackman
Art Department Ron English,George Georgiev,Nikolai Lukianov,Kalin Stoyanov,Ivailo Tonchev,Svetoslav Tonchev
Sound Department Martin Czembor,Hans ten Broeke,David Alvarez Zerpa
Visual Effects by Haven Cousins,Nikolai Lukianov,Kalin Stoyanov,Jonah Tobias,Ivailo Tonchev,Svetoslav Tonchev
Camera and Electrical Department Tracy Boulian,Avi Gerver,Ed Kosmicki,Julie Bob Lombardi,Julie Soefer,Morgan Spurlock
Animation Department Svilen Dimitrov,George Georgiev,Goran Kissiov,Anna Slavkova,Kalin Stoyanov,Ivailo Tonchev,Svetoslav Tonchev
Editorial Department Haven Cousins,Thomas Edmon,Jim Finn,William Zoe Fitzgerald,Gwen Fry,Wayne Goldblatt,Grant Goodman,Richard Haylock,Laura Heckman,Abbi Jutkowitz,Corey Michael Lincoln,Alexander Livingston,Mick O’Conner,Olivia Relova,Frank Tartaglia,Ben Vaughn,Matt Woo,Charles Herzfeld
Music Department Jim Black,Folkfoot,Michael Parrish
Additional Crew Jim Armstrong,Tanya Assova,Albert Bramante,Paul Brennan,Wayne Cheng,Joseph De Vito,Winston Emano,Kathy England,Erin Sabra Fuchs,Dena Goldstein,Jillian Gumbel,Erin Heidenreich,Jeff Hill,Paul Kim,Robert Luttrell,Stuart Macphee,David Magdael,Matthew McMurdo,Paulina Merekiova,Jackie Moldawer,Neil Murphy,Sean O’Connell,Zeke O’Donnell,Regina Pepe,Michelle Pettit,Holly Ricci,John Robbins,Rainier Rodriguez,Kate Schmitz,Ron Serfass,John Sloss,Phyllis Spurlock,Jessica Uzzan,Steven W. Wallace,Kiril Yanakiev
Thanks Nicolette Aizenberg,Angela,Shani Ankori,Anne,Heather Arcovitch,Dennis T. Avery,Michael Badami,Kara Baker,Barbara,Stefane Barbeau,Bob Baugher,Myra Baugher,Lisa Bentley,Charles Bernstein,Ann J. Boehme,Patricia Boussie,Josh Braun,Greg Bretthauer,Christine M. Brinic,Andrew C. Briscoe III,Shirley Brown,Shannon Brownlee,Charlie,Brenda Cheung,Stephanie Childs,Howard Cohen,Gayle Converse,John Cooper,Liest Copland,Greg Critser,Eric d’Arbeloff,Lisa Davis,Robert Davis,Nick Desecare,Ben Durrell,Stephanie Durrell,Edna,Ella,Bill Fair,Tom Fenton,Mark Fernandez,Denny Finnearty,Shari Frilot,Laura A. Frnka,Michael Fung,William Fung,Vivian Galainena,Carole Garcia,Melissa Georges,Geoffry Gilmore,Andrew Glazier,Marnie Glickman,Gloria,Mary Gorske,Meyer Gottlieb,Lance Gould,Micah Green,Trevor Groth,Erin Heidenrich,Judith Hoetker,Sam Hollander,Ana Homayoun,Dawn Jackson,Jose,Stephen L. Joseph,Francine Kaufman,Ben Kelley,Marla Kennedy,Steven Kidd,Kim Kimble,Jennifer Konawal,Hank Lau,Scott Lau,Phil Lempert,Steve Levy,Caroline Libresco,Gene Licht,Sandy Linn,Michael R. Lisowski,Matt Littin,Michael Lott,Michael Lubin,Miriam Mandelbaum,Gia Melissa Marciano,Mark,David Martosko,Tom McEntee,Charlotte McManus,Ryan McManus,Megan,David J. Mendel,Scott Merville,James Mihaliak,R.J. Millard,Mac Moore,Sue Moore,Gary Nichols,James Nutting,Nicholas Nutting,Dana O’Keefe,Pat,Rita Pederson,Monica Poitras,Doug Ray,Queenie Reda,Mick Reed,Dan Reilly,Rebekah Sale,Tom Schember,Eric Schlosser,David Schommer,Jeremy Scott,Chris Sell,Francis Sheehan,Jonny Sheehan,Craig Siegel,Delilah Siegel,Naomi Siegel,Michael Silberman,Chuckie Simon,Elizabeth H. Singer,Duane Smith,Priscilla Sommer,Lena Spengren,Yvonne Spengren,Austin Spurlock,Bailey Spurlock,Barry Spurlock,Ben G. Spurlock,Buffy Spurlock,Caitlin Spurlock,Carolyn Spurlock,Craig Spurlock,Kelsey Spurlock,Phyllis Spurlock,Piper Spurlock,Tootie Spurlock,Allen Steadham,Shannon Stember,Sylvia,Jordi Valdes,Burl Valentine,Kathleen Valentine,Eric Wattenberg,Becky Wiley,Susan Yanovski,Lisa Young
Genres Documentary
Companies The Con, Kathbur Pictures, Studio On Hudson
Countries USA
Languages English
ContentRating PG-13
ImDbRating 7.2
ImDbRatingVotes 108794
MetacriticRating 73
Keywords overeating,fast food,experiment,mcdonald's restaurant,nutrition